Betulin CAS #473-98-3

Sterol regulatory issue binding protein two (SREBP-2) regulates ldl cholesterol synthesis by using activating the transcription of genes for HMG-CoA reductase and different enzymes of the ldl cholesterol artificial pathway. When cell sterol tiers are high, SREBP is certain with the aid of SCAP and Insig to ER membranes as a glycosylated precursor protein. Upon ldl cholesterol depletion, the protein is cleaved to its energetic structure and translocated into the nucleus to stimulate transcription of genes concerned in the uptake and synthesis of cholesterol. Betulin, the precursor of betulinic acid, is a pentacyclic triterpene located in the bark of birch trees. Betulin inhibits the SREBP-driven pathway of ldl cholesterol and fatty acid biosynthesis by means of advertising SCAP–Insig binding which prevents the activation and launch of SREBP-2 from the ER. At 15-30 mg/kg/day, betulin has been proven to limit lipid stages and extend insulin sensitivity in mice fed a western-type diet. In an atherosclerosis sickness model, 30 mg/kg/day betulin can limit the dimension and enhance the balance of atherosclerotic plaques in LDLR-knockout mice. At 2.5-5 μg/ml betulin, in aggregate with cholesterol, demonstrates anticancer consequences via inducing apoptosis in Jurkat cells, A549 lung carcinoma cells, and HeLa cervical carcinoma cells.